{"id":5501,"date":"2012-03-05T14:47:58","date_gmt":"2012-03-05T13:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/?p=5501"},"modified":"2012-03-05T14:48:26","modified_gmt":"2012-03-05T13:48:26","slug":"wem-gehort-die-al-azhar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501","title":{"rendered":"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Noch ein Beispiel aus der Reihe Paradoxien der Befreiung, die sich gerade vor unseren Augen in der arabischen Welt abspielt. Die Al-Azhar-Universit\u00e4t, die wichtigste theologische Autorit\u00e4t im sunnitischen Islam, ger\u00e4t in die M\u00fchle der befreiten \u00e4gyptischen Politik.<\/p>\n

Bisher wurde der Scheich Al-Azhar vom Pr\u00e4sidenten ernannt, und zwar auf Lebenszeit. Das gab dem Regime au\u00dferordentliche Macht \u00fcber diese Autorit\u00e4t in Glaubensfragen. Der \u00e4gyptische Islam hatte die Form einer Staatskirche, mit dem Gro\u00dfscheich von Gnaden des Pr\u00e4sidenten (\u00e4hnlich dem Erzbischof von Canterbury als vom K\u00f6nig bestellten Kopf der anglikanischen Kirche).
\nNun ist das wohl kaum mehr zeitgem\u00e4\u00df. Starke Kr\u00e4fte dringen auf die „Befreiung“ der Azhar vom Staat. Ganz vorneweg dabei die Muslimbr\u00fcder und die Salafisten der Nour-Partei, die den derzeitigen Gro\u00dfscheich<\/a> ablehnen wegen dessen N\u00e4he zu Mubarak – und die sich erhoffen, in einer „befreiten“ Al-Azhar mehr Einflu\u00df zu haben. So k\u00f6nnte die paradoxe Folge der Befreiung dieser Institution sein, dass dort demn\u00e4chst ein (noch) sehr viel mehr rigider, sehr viel mehr politischer Islam gelehrt wird, wie die Washington Pos<\/a>t berichtet:
\nIn the aftermath of the revolution, there is widespread agreement among politicians in Egypt that al-Azhar needs greater independence. The question is whether that also means a lurch toward a more rigid and less tolerant school of Islam to match the increasingly doctrinaire mood of the Egyptian people.<\/p>\n

There is evidence that such a shift is underway and that it could go much further.<\/p>\n

Members of Egypt\u2019s two main Islamist groups \u2014 the Muslim Brotherhood and the Salafist Nour party \u2014 control between them an overwhelming majority in Egypt\u2019s new parliament. Seated in January, they are already working on legislation that would strip the grand sheik of his lifetime appointment and that could give them a major say in picking a successor.<\/p>\n

The current grand sheik, Ahmed el-Tayib, is a Sorbonne-educated scholar who emphasizes interfaith dialogue and is known for his relatively progressive fatwas, the religious pronouncements that carry the weight of law when issued by al-Azhar. But he was also a committee member in Mubarak\u2019s hated National Democratic Party and was appointed by Mubarak himself.<\/p>\n

Just days before the new parliament was sworn in, Egypt\u2019s ruling generals approved a law that would authorize a committee of scholars to choose the grand sheik but that would effectively allow Tayib to pick the committee.<\/p>\n

Politicians from Nour and the Brotherhood, who have been reluctant to challenge the nation\u2019s military rulers on many issues, say they will fight on this one. They argue that Tayib is too closely tied to the old regime to lead an organization that will pass judgment on the religious merits of everything Egypt\u2019s new government tries to do.<\/p>\n

\u201cLiberating state institutions like al-Azhar is even more critical to us than the presidential election or rewriting the constitution,\u201d said Mohammed Nour, the Nour party\u2019s spokesman. \u201cEnsuring the independence of the institution that determines what is and is not Islamic is extremely important.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nour said the only way to guarantee genuine independence is to open up the grand sheik position to an election \u2014 one in which all al-Azhar University graduates get to vote, or even all Egyptians.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ein Beweis daf\u00fcr, dass die Azhar sich bereits voll im Modus der Radikalisierung befindet, sieht die Post in dem Auftritt des Hamas-F\u00fchrers Ismail Hanije in Kairo. Der w\u00e4re vor 12 Monaten noch undenkbar gewesen. Doch nun erhielt Hanije rauschenden Applaus f\u00fcr seine leidenschaftliche Ansprache:<\/p>\n

The Brotherhood\u2019s newfound influence was on full display Feb.\u00a024, when Ismail Haniyeh, the prime minister in Hamas-run Gaza,\u00a0spoke at al-Azhar after Friday prayers. Just over a year ago, Haniyeh\u2019s presence would have been unthinkable. Hamas, the militant Palestinian group, and the Brotherhood are part of the same Islamic movement, and both were banned under Mubarak, whose government upheld a peace treaty with Israel.<\/p>\n

But on that day, al-Azhar gave Haniyeh a rapturous welcome. As he proclaimed from the pulpit that Hamas would \u201cliberate\u201d Jerusalem, home to the revered al-Aqsa mosque, the Brotherhood-dominated crowd of worshipers chanted back, \u201cFrom al-Azhar to al-Aqsa we will march, millions of martyrs.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Noch ein Beispiel aus der Reihe Paradoxien der Befreiung, die sich gerade vor unseren Augen in der arabischen Welt abspielt. Die Al-Azhar-Universit\u00e4t, die wichtigste theologische Autorit\u00e4t im sunnitischen Islam, ger\u00e4t in die M\u00fchle der befreiten \u00e4gyptischen Politik. Bisher wurde der Scheich Al-Azhar vom Pr\u00e4sidenten ernannt, und zwar auf Lebenszeit. Das gab dem Regime au\u00dferordentliche Macht […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9460,157],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agypten","category-die-freunde-und-die-feinde-des-islams"],"yoast_head":"\nWem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Noch ein Beispiel aus der Reihe Paradoxien der Befreiung, die sich gerade vor unseren Augen in der arabischen Welt abspielt. Die Al-Azhar-Universit\u00e4t, die wichtigste theologische Autorit\u00e4t im sunnitischen Islam, ger\u00e4t in die M\u00fchle der befreiten \u00e4gyptischen Politik. Bisher wurde der Scheich Al-Azhar vom Pr\u00e4sidenten ernannt, und zwar auf Lebenszeit. Das gab dem Regime au\u00dferordentliche Macht […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"J\u00f6rg Lau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-03-05T13:47:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2012-03-05T13:48:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"J\u00f6rg Lau\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Geschrieben von\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"J\u00f6rg Lau\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Gesch\u00e4tzte Lesezeit\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3\u00a0Minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501\",\"name\":\"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2012-03-05T13:47:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2012-03-05T13:48:26+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/55f0be9bfac24815791fbc852b042f57\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/\",\"name\":\"J\u00f6rg Lau\",\"description\":\"Ein Blog \u00fcber Religion und Politik\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"de\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/55f0be9bfac24815791fbc852b042f57\",\"name\":\"J\u00f6rg Lau\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a5fe39bf4f5335b8bac36eefa0b41467221b1598bfea5f05159a0199e391eed0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a5fe39bf4f5335b8bac36eefa0b41467221b1598bfea5f05159a0199e391eed0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"J\u00f6rg Lau\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/author\/joerg-lau\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501","og_locale":"de_DE","og_type":"article","og_title":"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau","og_description":"Noch ein Beispiel aus der Reihe Paradoxien der Befreiung, die sich gerade vor unseren Augen in der arabischen Welt abspielt. Die Al-Azhar-Universit\u00e4t, die wichtigste theologische Autorit\u00e4t im sunnitischen Islam, ger\u00e4t in die M\u00fchle der befreiten \u00e4gyptischen Politik. Bisher wurde der Scheich Al-Azhar vom Pr\u00e4sidenten ernannt, und zwar auf Lebenszeit. Das gab dem Regime au\u00dferordentliche Macht […]","og_url":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501","og_site_name":"J\u00f6rg Lau","article_published_time":"2012-03-05T13:47:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2012-03-05T13:48:26+00:00","author":"J\u00f6rg Lau","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Geschrieben von":"J\u00f6rg Lau","Gesch\u00e4tzte Lesezeit":"3\u00a0Minuten"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501","url":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501","name":"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar? - J\u00f6rg Lau","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#website"},"datePublished":"2012-03-05T13:47:58+00:00","dateModified":"2012-03-05T13:48:26+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/55f0be9bfac24815791fbc852b042f57"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"de","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/2012\/03\/05\/wem-gehort-die-al-azhar_5501#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Wem geh\u00f6rt die Al-Azhar?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/","name":"J\u00f6rg Lau","description":"Ein Blog \u00fcber Religion und Politik","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"de"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/55f0be9bfac24815791fbc852b042f57","name":"J\u00f6rg Lau","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"de","@id":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a5fe39bf4f5335b8bac36eefa0b41467221b1598bfea5f05159a0199e391eed0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a5fe39bf4f5335b8bac36eefa0b41467221b1598bfea5f05159a0199e391eed0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"J\u00f6rg Lau"},"url":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/author\/joerg-lau"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pG02W-1qJ","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5501"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5503,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5501\/revisions\/5503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.zeit.de\/joerglau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}